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How to reduce
heart disease; as presented by researchers at Harvard’s School
of Public Health.
It only takes
five heart-healthy lifestyle habits to significantly reduce
heart disease risk in middle-aged and older men, a new study
shows.
Even men
being treated for high blood pressure or high cholesterol showed
a reduced risk of heart disease when they quit smoking, kept
slim, exercised daily, drank only a moderate amount of alcohol
and kept to a healthy diet.
The 16-year
study of almost 43,000 men, ages 40 to 75, was published in the
July 4 issue of the journal Circulation.
The study at
looked at the impact on health of five heart-healthy behaviors.
In detail, these behaviors included keeping a body mass index
(BMI) of less than 25 (the threshold for overweight) and
exercising daily for at least 30 minutes. Moderate alcohol
consumption was defined as an average of half a drink to two
drinks a day. A healthy diet included fruits and vegetables,
cereal fiber, nuts, legumes, chicken and fish, low-intake of
trans and saturated fats, and taking a multivitamin for at least
five years.
Among all the
men in the study, 2,183 had a heart attack or developed fatal
coronary heart disease during the study period.
Men who
adhered to the five healthy habits were 87 percent less likely
to develop coronary heart disease, compared to men who had none
of the healthy habits, the study found.
The
researchers concluded that 62 percent of coronary events in the
overall study group may have been prevented if all the men in
the study adhered to the five healthy habits.
The
researchers also found that these healthy behaviors could
prevent 57 percent of all coronary events among men taking
medications for high blood pressure or high cholesterol.
"One of the
strengths of this study is that every two years, we collected
detailed updated information on lifestyle factors such as BMI or
smoking status and also medical confirmation of newly diagnosed
heart disease," study lead author Stephanie Chiuve, research
fellow, department of nutrition, Harvard School of Public
Health, said in a prepared statement.
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